MIT ESP - StudentS' STEM (S3)

Chapters

Chapter 1: Design & prototype novel STEM experiments from textbooks, reference books
Friction out of textbooks, Anti-resonance, Linkage mechanism, Conduction vs. Radiation (competition), Iron brushes align with magnetic lines of force between poles & brake a shaft; from light to sound using photosensitive diode; etc. Wave equation for wave pulse on string derived from tension in string and its mass per unit length.

Chapter 2: Junkyard STEM -Very low-cost re-engineering done from materials purchased either from junkyard, flea market or very ordinary, standardized stuff. Unusual but surprising multiple usage of very usual materials.
Four rulers with nuts & bolts demonstrate linkage mechanisms, including Watt’s straight line mechanism, Gearing in widest perspective (not just meshing toothed wheels), Repair and reuse of broken parts and equipment.

Chapter 3: STEM around you; inside and outside homes
Biased weights in a gym, mattresses in a living room, brewing tea on a kitchen stove.

Chapter 4: Distilled principles of engineering design. Several examples based on respecting thermal energy (long chapter – runs two weeks)

Chapter 5: Special Effects and Special Materials , Invention Repository: Compiled and used to design STEM experiments
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Parts, Sub-parts, Sub-sub-parts : each pertains to an uploaded document
Italics indicate an activity demonstrated

•

• Chapter 1 – part (a) Friction – out from textbooks!

• Chapter 1 – part (a) Friction – out from textbooks) Added-Anomalous low friction

• Chapter-1-part(b)-Mechanical Waves or Mechanics' Waves
string reeled out of a hollow silicone tube (in shape of a wave-pulse) becomes our wave machine to derive the famous wave equation mechanically

• Chapter 1-part(c)-Simplest Mechanisms
braking via forces of sliding friction, diverse forms of 4-bar linkage including steering in a RC car

• Chapter 2)-part a)Moving lighter as opposed to heavier parts of a system
- example)moving air rather than hepa air filter in air purifier

• Chapter 2)-part a)Moving lighter as opposed to heavier parts of a system
- example)moving mirrors rather than solar panels in solar power generation

• Chapter 2-part-b- Escape velocity from Earth (launch activity)

• Chapter 2)-part c) Anti-resonance not necessarily an evil

• Chapter 2-part d)- rear wheel drive in a model toy car: torque and angular speed interplay-Activity only (no doc)

• Chapter 2)-part e) Applications of centrifuge

• Chapter 2)-part e) Applications of centrifuge- Optional) Centrifugal electrolytic rheostat

• Chapter 3)-part a) - Teapot overloaded with STEM- Coanda effect
Technological evolution of teapot’s design to fulfill its functions. Functions include brewing and holding tea & equally fascinatingly pouring from it to fill cups. Coanda effect revealed in last functional performance.

• Chapter 3)-part b)-Propeller Thrust Fundamentals-Fascinations with Fluid Flow
Large diameter, bi-blade propeller - ‘slowly’ rotating yet powerful (generating decent thrust) vs. Small diameter, tri-blade propeller– very rapidly rotating vs. Medium diameter, multi-blade propeller – rapidly rotating (as in hair dryer with heat switched off).

• Chapter 3)-part b) Propeller Thrust Equation (parts a,b,c)

• Chapter 3) – part c) Capacitors & Super-capacitors
Toy plane powered by a super-capacitor (no battery or fuel on-board)

•

Chapter-4) Outline

• Chapter – 4 - Principle 4: Embed Flexibility & Replace Statics by Dynamics

• Chapter 4) - part) Distilled principles of engineering design – subpart) Principle #5 viz. Use minus X, minus Y, plus/minus Z dimension(s) - sub-subpart) From point to 3D curve

• Chapter 4) - part) Distilled principles of engineering design – subpart) Principle #5 viz. Use minus X, minus Y, plus/minus Z dimension(s) - sub-subpart) From plane (2D) to complex volume (3D)

•

Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Composites - Sub-subpart) Bimetal

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Magnetostriction effect

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Curie Point

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Shape Memory Alloy
L-shaped Nitinol wire along footwear sole straightens up on icy pavement

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Magnetorheological effect
Shock absorbers using magnetorheological effect ‘tuned’ according to road conditions and load (weight of vehicle) – impart comfortable ride to driver

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Varying Crystalline Structure

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Anisotropy
Simple demonstration using balsa wood

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects--Subpart) Enhancing Rigidity by Design---Sub-subpart) Corrugation

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects-- Subpart) Enhancing Rigidity (or Strength) by Design---Sub-subpart) Other methods

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Foam

• Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials & SPECIAL Effects-- Subpart) Porosity, Permeability & Capillarity

• Chapter 5) Compile your own Invention Repository

• Optional Material - Fun with STEM-1 - Use of a simple microphone
THE END

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Chapters Chapter 1: Design &amp;
prototype novel STEM experiments from textbooks, reference books Friction out of textbooks,
Anti-resonance, Linkage mechanism,&nbsp;
Conduction vs. Radiation (competition),&nbsp;
Iron brushes align with magnetic lines of force between poles &amp;
brake a shaft;&nbsp; from light to sound&nbsp; using photosensitive diode;&nbsp; etc. Wave equation for wave pulse on string
derived from tension in string and its mass per unit length.

Chapter 2: Junkyard STEM
-Very low-cost re-engineering done from materials purchased either from
junkyard, flea market or very ordinary, standardized stuff. Unusual but
surprising multiple usage of very usual materials. Four rulers with nuts &amp; bolts
demonstrate linkage mechanisms, including Watt’s straight line mechanism,
Gearing in widest perspective (not just meshing toothed wheels), Repair and
reuse of broken parts and equipment.

Chapter 3: STEM
around you; inside and outside homes Biased weights in a gym, mattresses in
a living room, brewing tea on a kitchen stove.

Chapter 4: Distilled
principles of engineering design. Several examples&nbsp; based on respecting
thermal energy (long chapter – runs two weeks)

Chapter 5: Special Effects
and Special Materials , Invention Repository: Compiled and used to design STEM
experiments ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Parts, Sub-parts, Sub-sub-parts : each pertains to an uploaded document Italics indicate an activity
demonstrated

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; •&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 1 – part (a) Friction – out from textbooks!

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter-1-part(b)-Mechanical Waves or Mechanics' Waves 
 &nbsp;string
reeled out of a hollow silicone tube (in shape of a wave-pulse) becomes our
wave machine to derive the famous wave equation mechanically

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 1-part(c)-Simplest Mechanisms 
 braking via forces of sliding friction,
diverse forms of 4-bar linkage including steering in a RC car

&nbsp;

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 2)-part a)Moving lighter as opposed to heavier parts of a system 
 - example)moving air rather than hepa air
filter in air purifier

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 2)-part a)Moving lighter as opposed to heavier parts of a system 
 - example)moving mirrors rather than
solar panels in solar power generation

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 2-part d)- rear wheel drive in a model toy car: torque and angular speed interplay-Activity only (no doc)

&nbsp;

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 3)-part a) - Teapot overloaded with STEM- Coanda effect 
 Technological evolution of teapot’s
design to fulfill its functions. Functions include brewing and holding tea
&amp; equally fascinatingly pouring from it to fill cups. Coanda effect revealed in last functional
performance.

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 3)-part b)-Propeller Thrust Fundamentals-Fascinations with Fluid Flow 
 Large diameter, bi-blade propeller - ‘slowly’
rotating yet powerful (generating decent thrust) vs. Small diameter, tri-blade propeller–
very rapidly rotating vs. Medium diameter, multi-blade propeller – rapidly rotating
(as in hair dryer with heat switched off).

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 3) – part c) Capacitors &amp; Super-capacitors 
 Toy plane powered by a super-capacitor
(no battery or fuel on-board)

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 4) - part) Distilled principles of engineering design – subpart) Principle #5 viz. Use minus X, minus Y, plus/minus Z dimension(s) - sub-subpart) From point to 3D curve

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 4) - part) Distilled principles of engineering design – subpart) Principle #5 viz. Use minus X, minus Y, plus/minus Z dimension(s) - sub-subpart) From plane (2D) to complex volume (3D)

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials &amp; SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Shape Memory Alloy 
 L-shaped Nitinol wire along footwear sole
straightens up on icy pavement

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials &amp; SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Magnetorheological effect 
 Shock absorbers using magnetorheological
effect ‘tuned’ according to road conditions and load (weight of vehicle) –
impart comfortable ride to driver

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Chapter 5) SPECIAL Materials &amp; SPECIAL Effects- Subpart) Anisotropy 
 Simple demonstration using balsa wood

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 Optional Material - Fun with STEM-1 - Use of a simple microphone THE END &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Last modified by ByDesign on Sept. 02, 2023 at 10:38 a.m.